The Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) has submitted its proposed Coal Combustion Residuals (CCR) permitting program to the U.S. EPA. The submission positions Indiana among the first states pursuing authorization for a comprehensive, state-led framework for coal ash disposal and management that aligns with new federal CCR requirements.
Coal combustion residuals, also known as coal ash, are a byproduct produced primarily from the burning of coal in coal-fired power plants. Coal ash can contain contaminants, such as mercury, which may negatively impact soil and water sources if not properly managed and contained.
Currently, IDEM estimates that more than 100 CCR units across Indiana would require permitting under the proposed rule, which, once approved, would make Indiana the largest CCR permitting program in the country.
“Indiana took early, decisive action to address the emerging need for a coal ash permitting program,” said Gov. Mike Braun. “I am proud of the quick work of IDEM’s team in developing a Hoosier led oversight system that strengthens protections for Indiana communities.”
In December 2025, Indiana’s environmental rules board approved IDEM’s CCR rule, creating a path for program development. Over the past six months IDEM’s Office of Land Quality, which would manage the permitting program, has been finalizing the technical and administrative components of the program, including drafting the authorization application and working with EPA program staff to ensure a smooth authorization process.
The submitted plan directs idem to create a permitting section with dedicated staff to address CCR impoundment closure permit applications. Any facility in Indiana with CCR units as defined by federal rule at 40 CFR 257, Subpart D would be required to obtain a state permit. The program includes requirements for design, operation, groundwater monitoring, closure, recordkeeping, and financial assurance.
"This program will give Indiana greater control and transparency in how coal ash is managed," said IDEM Commissioner Clint Woods. "It will ensure facilities are meeting protective standards and gives communities confidence in how these sites are monitored and managed."
The U.S. EPA first established national coal ash standards in 2015, and Congress later created a framework for states to run their own programs with U.S. EPA authorization. IDEM began rulemaking in 2021 and revised its draft in 2025 to reflect the latest federal updates. With the ERB’s adoption of IDEM's CCR rule, Indiana joined a small group of states pursuing their own federally authorized CCR programs. To date, just five states have received U.S. EPA approval.
Once U.S. EPA confirms receipt of a complete application, they have up to 180 days to review Indiana’s CCR permitting program before issuing a final decision.
Indiana's full CCR Permit Program Application is available here.
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